Morality, Development, and Culture
نویسندگان
چکیده
Morality and cultural identity emerge during human development in complex ways. We describe the theories and findings that focus on social exclusion and inclusion, social inequalities such as resource allocation inequalities, and intercultural contexts that both bear on and contribute to morality and moral development. This research reveals that individuals view morality as pertaining to fair, just, and equitable interindividual treatment, while cultural identities— reflected in the messages and ideologies conveyed by larger groups to their members —are shared norms constructed by individuals to organize social groups. Findings also show that applying morality to intergroup contexts involves unique challenges not always present in intragroup situations. Biases and stereotypical expectations emerging during early development often pose obstacles to children negotiating complex moral contexts. These challenges have been investigated from a social cognitive developmental perspective, charting the contexts in which children confront such situations. The application of morality to everyday social encounters is also considered.
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